India–EU Trade Deal: The Big Numbers

This could become India’s biggest trade agreement yet. It links India with the 27 EU nations—a combined market of nearly 2 billion people.

Together, they account for about 25% of global GDP. This means a combined market of over $24 trillion market in one deal.

About 99% of Indian exports are expected to enter Europe at zero or near-zero duty.

This matters most for labour-intensive sectors: textiles, leather, gems, jewellery, and handicrafts. These are industries that employ millions of small businesses and workers.

The real boost will be felt by MSMEs.

Europe also gets easier access to India. Tariffs on imported cars may fall from around 110% to 10%.

Duties on wines, spirits, and olive oil will be sharply reduced. Cheaper machinery from Europe could lower costs for Indian manufacturers.

Trade flows both ways.

This deal isn’t only about goods. It includes easier movement for Indian professionals: IT, engineering, finance, and healthcare workers.

There are provisions for work rights for spouses and families. Indian systems like AYUSH are expected to gain access to EU markets.

Trade is now linked with talent.

The hardest issue remains Europe’s carbon tax (CBAM). India has secured a place in direct talks on how this will apply to its exports.

The EU has also committed about €500 million to support India’s green transition.

Alongside this, the deal includes cooperation in AI, semiconductors, and clean tech. Trade, technology, and climate are now connected.